Hip Osteoarthritis – individual exercises

General info

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Summary

Data about the condition

Hip osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease of the coxo-femoral joint that consists in the progressive destruction of the covering cartilage at this joint, followed by the compromise of all components that make up this joint, phenomena that result in the appearance of specific clinical signs. It has a period of slow progressive, irreversible evolution, the apogee of this condition being hip achilles.

Hip osteoarthritis is a condition that affects the three structures of the joint:

1. Cartilage: its degeneration and progressive wear and tear is the essential lesion that precedes the other manifestations;
2. Subchondral epiphyseal bone: it is condensed and deforms, a process accompanied by bone resorption in the form of pseudocysts and bone appositions (osteophytes);
3. Synovial and capsule: are the site of lesions of pseudoinflammatory reaction with capsule hyperplasia and sclerosis of the synovial fringes.

The pain in the thigh caused while walking, more or less embarrassing, often accompanied by lameness is the main syndrome. The location of the pain is variable, most commonly being felt in the groin and in the front of the thigh, with irradiation to the knee. At other times, patients with hip osteoarthritis locate the pain on the outside of the thigh or buttocks and on the back of the thigh.

Pain in hip osteoarthritis is triggered while walking, which limits its duration and is relieved by rest. It is also felt in the first steps, especially after a long period of standing, and disappears after walking the distance. Advanced clinical forms in some elderly patients cause permanent pain, accentuated during the night.

Causes

1. Hip injuries
2. Inactivity
3. Bone fractures
4. Occupations involving high pressure on the joints
5. Genetic inheritance
6. Obesity

Symptoms

1. Pain on movement
2. Stiffness, especially early morning stiffness
3. Loss of range of motion
4. Pain after a long period of stay or lying
5. Pain on palpation of the joint line and extension of the joints

Treatment

The treatment will aim at slowing down the arthritic process and latently restoring decompensated osteoarthritis.

Protecting the joint at the first symptoms is recommended and can be achieved by weight loss (in case of obesity), decreased stress, use of a cane, solutions designed to delay the progression to a disabling hip osteoarthritis. (Dumitru, M., 1982).

The objectives of the Recovery Program

1. Fighting pain in the joint;
2. Prevention of vascular disorders and improvement of circulation;
3. Restoring and increasing the range of motion;
4. Increased muscle strength of the lower limbs;
5. Improving stability;
6. Improving static and dynamic balance.

The content of the Recovery Program

1. From supine position, triple flexion is performed with the right / left lower limb (10 repetitions)
2. From supine position the patient performs the abduction and adduction of the limbs on the bed (10 repetitions)
3. From supine position with bent knees perform abduction and adduction of the knees (10 repetitions)
4. From supine position with bent knees, the patient performs pelvic lifts
5. From standing on the side with the bent knee, the flexion and extension of the hip is performed (10 repetitions)
6. From standing on the side with extended knee, abduction and adduction of the lower limb are performed (10 repetitions)
7. From the ventral decubitus with the extended knees, extensions of the spine are made (10 repetitions).
8. From the serving knight, the standing leg is raised on the healthy leg and then on the affected one (10 repetitions).
9. From the four-legged leg, the flexion and extension of the left / right limb is performed with the knee bent at 90 ° (10 repetitions)
10. Left / right abduction and adduction are performed on all fours (10 repetitions)
11. From orthostatism facing the trellis, the hands catch the slat from the shoulders, with the affected limb the patient raises and lowers a slat (30 sec, 2 series)
12. Genoflexions are performed from the same position.
13. From orthostatism with the back to the trellis, the hands through the slat at the level of the shoulders, the abduction / adduction of the right / left limb is performed.
14. Practicing walking a distance of 10 meters (walking forward, backward, sideways, over obstacles) and pedaling the ergonomic bicycle.

Methodical Indications

The exercises are performed on loan, rhythmically and without abruptness.
• The exercises will be performed progressively from easy to hard, from simple to complex.
• The dosage of each exercise will consist of 10 repetitions of 2 sets.
• Make sure that muscle toning is always performed at full range of motion.

Recommendations

• Avoiding carrying weights;
• Avoiding prolonged orthostatism;
• Avoid wearing high-heeled shoes;
• Performing a daily program of minimum exercises for muscle and joint maintenance;
• Maintaining a normal body weight.

Did you know that?

Depression and sleep disorders can result from pain and disability in the affected joint.

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